WMO Global Campus Collection of Learning Resources

This online learning module covers:

• physical basics of atmospheric optics
• optical phenomena of rainbows
• optical phenomenon of halos
• polar stratospheric and noctilucent clouds

Expected Learning Outcomes

• Explain the transparency of the atmosphere and the physical principles behind rainbows, halos, polar stratospheric clouds, and noctilucent clouds.
• Describe the meteorological conditions that favor the occurrence of these phenomena.
• Assess the likelihood of these optical phenomena occurring in specific situations using meteorological data.
• Identify and explain the different types of optical phenomena in cases where multiple appearances occur.

Target Audience

Forecasters, weather observers and all others who want to learn more about the optical phenomena and especially about rainbows, halos, polar stratospheric clouds and noctilucent clouds.